Which of the following is NOT a phase of a project?

The correct answer is that bidding is not traditionally considered a phase of a project. In project management, the typical phases include design, planning, and construction.

During the design phase, the project specifications and plans are created, ensuring that all technical aspects are carefully considered. Planning involves developing a road map for how the project will be executed, including resource allocation, budget management, and timeline setting. The construction phase is when the actual physical work is done to realize the project and bring the designs into a tangible form.

Bidding, while an essential step in the procurement process, occurs outside the main project lifecycle phases. It involves soliciting and evaluating proposals from contractors or vendors to perform the work, rather than actually executing the project itself. This is a critical process to ensure that the best resources are contracted, but it is not classified as a core phase in the execution of a project.